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Refining cherry tree - a challenging task
The cherry trees are - like other fruit trees - propagated by refinement. It combines two plant parts - a base and a scion - to a. In this way, a varietal descendant of the desired variety is produced.
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As a base, also called Wildling, called the rooted part of the cherry tree. Above all, the rootstock determines the vigor and intensity of growth, and is responsible for the longevity, willingness to bloom and yield of the future cherry tree.
For refining vegetatively propagated documents or seedlings are used. There are weak, medium and high-growth documents. For the sour cherries, wild cherry, stone sofas or steppe cherry are used as a base. For the sweet cherry one uses the growth bremen documents such as Weiroot, GiSelA, Colt or Piku.
scions
Edelreiser are the annual shoots that are cut in the period between December and January of the cherry tree whose properties you want to have increased. The Edelreiser should be about 30-40 cm long, pencil-thick and come from healthy, fertile trees. They are kept in a cool place in the damp sand over winter.
The Edelreiser give above all the following characteristics of the future cherry tree:
finishing processes
Under processing is understood to mean the actual transfer of the precious rice on the base. The right time to do so is around the end of April / early May, when the cherry trees start to drift. The pad is cut back so far that there is only one pull next to the crown. This serves to provide the precious rice with nutrients and water. The sweet rice is grafted onto the base by putting it behind the bark and firmly connecting it with it.
One distinguishes bark plugs and Geißfußpfropfen. While only the bark of the base is cut in the bark, a notch is cut in the wood behind the bark when Geißfußpfropfen. In addition, a glutinous rice can be combined with an equally strong base by means of copulation. The ends of the pieces to be joined are cut obliquely, placed one on top of the other and connected. The finishing unit is always connected with raffia and spread with tree wax.
Another finishing technique is called Okulation. In this method, a bud, the so-called eye, cut out of a cherry tree and inserted into the other, in the bark before a T-cut was made. This type of finish is used in the summer, usually at the beginning of August, when the eyes of the noble variety develop enough and the bark of the base can still be loosened well.
Tips & Tricks
The sweet cherry varieties usually need a pollinator variety nearby. You do not have to plant a second cherry tree right away. You can only refine individual shoots if a pollinator for the first variety is missing.